Estonian oil shale Estonian Academy Publishers. Either underground or opencast methods are used to mine oil shale. The big part of Estonian geological oil shale resources are found in deeper layers than economically justified for opencasts, i.e. deeper than 30 meters. The largest mine is Estonia mine with mining in 40-70 m deep.

OSTI.GOV Conference: Water-jet-assisted mechanized oil shale mining factory test Title: Water-jet-assisted mechanized oil shale mining factory test Full Record

For oil shale surface mining a machine must weight at least 100 tons to break oil shale and limestone efficiently. These machines have quite high productivity, and in a small surface mine like Ubja, the annual output 200,000 tonnes would be mined approximately in 60 days. Roughly 120 days would be needed for overburden removal.

The shale oil industry lasted for just over a century and it's estimated that 164 million tons of oil shale was mined in the life of the industry. The industrial revolution in the late 18 th century led to the demand for oil to lubricate the machines in the mills and factories. The supply of whale oil couldn't keep up with the increasing ...

200 Columbine Street # 500. Denver, CO. (303) 595-5600. Visit Website. Categorized under Oil Shale Mining. Andrew Louis Smith Attorney. 3213 San Sebastian Drive. Carrollton, TX. (214) 522-6232.

Several extraction technologies have been used for mining oil shale in Estonia [9,10]. In the beginning, high selective hand mining was used due to absence of machines [11]. Kukersite and limestone layers and pieces were broken by a grub axe and a hammer and loaded by a hand shovel. Loss and dilution problems originated from the rock that ...

OIL SHALE MINING MACHINE Filed March 16, 1946 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 111] IIIIIFV'IIH] n i cf-Zfz'nilaie r Mom mugs Jan. 31, 1950 J. G. FINDLATER OIL SHALE MINING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed March 16, 1946 jwucnfwo 0 QFz'ndlaikr 7 Mine: M4 5 Jan. 31, 1950 J. G. FINDLATER on SHALE MINING MACHINE 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed March 16, 1946 Jan. 31, 1950 ...

In Estonian oil shale mines the RAP mining system with blasting is used (Fig. 2). It gives the extraction factor about 80%. The field of an oil shale mine is divided into panels, which are subdivided into mining blocks, ap-proximately 300–350 m wide and 600–800 m long each. A mining block usually consists of two semi-blocks. The oil shale ...

As the result of initial tests – the minimum criteria for Estonian oil shale surface milling are: cutting depth 500 mm; machine weight 100 t; power 1000 hp; hard rock specific cutting tools and selectivity 5 cm. Conventional underground mining In spite of the shallow depth of oil shale bedding, underground mining has spread instead of surface ...

mining the viability of an oil-shale operation. Oil-shale lands that could be mined may be preempted by present land usage such as population centers, parks, and wildlife refuges. Devel-opment of new in-situ mining and processing technologies may allow an oil-shale operation in previously restricted areas

Oil Shale Mining Developments in Estonia as the bases for sustainable power industry Ingo Valgma, Veiko Karu, Allan Viil, Martin Lohk ... for mining machinery development also for: oil shale losses Avoiding vibration caused by blasting Increasing oil yield Decreasing CO 2 pollution ca. 1,2 times

almost 100 years of oil shale mining experience. Despite know-how on oil shale mining and treatment, oil shale mining still suffers from remarkable resource losses and environment impact. Crushing buckets are quite novel and innovative machinery in the mining sector. This study is carried out to find

performed by cutting oil shale and limestone. Evaluations were made for using coal-mining equipment for mining oil shale. Comparative evaluations were made by the experimental cutting of oil shale in both directions – along and across the bedding, including also mining scale experiments with cutting

6. 1. Directional drilling refers to turning the well to follow the path of the shale layer. 2. The Marcellus is just one shale layer from which drillers are attempting to extract oil and natural gas. 3. The fracturing of the shale in this part of the drilling process is where the term "fracking" originated. 4.

Find out the vast petroleum oil miner tycoon for crude oil drilling. This is the best oil extractor mining 3D game of 2018. You are an expert offshore oil idle miner professional. Start drilling the petroleum oil in the vast crude oil refinery field. Learn the whole process of shale oil drilling system for petroleum mining properly.

Oil shale can be mined above and underground, crushed and then transported to a retort where it is heated to a high temperature, and the oil collected in a distiller. This results in an oil similar to that pumped up from conventional underground wells, but the process is more complex and therefore, more expensive at the present time.

Abstract—Oil shale, as well as, ... negative sides are great environmental damage due to mining and use of oil shale and low calorific value of oil shale [5-7]. Classification of Oil Shale: There are varying ... The crushing machines, which have been used for crushing the oil shale and coalnamed, as Los Angeles, Fig. 4 shows ...

Mining Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing: ... "The Economic and Budgetary Effects of Producing Oil and Natural Gas from Shale," in Producing Oil and Natural Gas from Shale, ed. Joelle Bolton (Nova Science Publishers, 2015), 20. Back to text; Tusiani and Shearer, LNG: A Nontechnical Guide, 89.

History. Oil shale mining has not been around for a long time. In the 1970s the U.S. was already researching oil shale. However, oil shale production did not increase until later. The Energy Policy of 2005 directed the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to lease its land for oil shale research and development. The leases were good for 10 years and could expand depending on whether the …

US1919636A US433385A US43338530A US1919636A US 1919636 A US1919636 A US 1919636A US 433385 A US433385 A US 433385A US 43338530 A US43338530 A US 43338530A US 1919636 A US1919636 A US 1919636A Authority US United States Prior art keywords shale chambers tunnel gas oil Prior art date Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal …

2.2.3 Oil Shale ... Water may also be necessary to cool machinery used at the surface. Much of the water used in these "wet" processes is recaptured along with the produced heavy oil. ... Oil shale mining may take place in surface mines or underground mines. Water uses for a surface

The 2500 SM is a heavy-duty, high-performance miner equipped with a 2.5 m wide cut-ting drum for material mining. Depending on rock hardness, it achieves cutting perfor-mances of up to 1,400 tonnes per hour – as is the case in coal and oil shale mining.

Oil Shale and Tar Sands The United States holds more than half the world's oil shale, a fine-grained sedimentary rock containing organic matter from which petroleum products may be distilled. Although it has long been seen as a potential source of secure, reliable, and affordable energy, the technology to produce oil from oil shale in ...

Oil Shale can only be found by Mining in the Desert biome. Oil Shale is placed into your Inventory when mining Oil Deposits. It has a purple hue and is somewhat shiny on higher graphic settings, with a brushed appearance as seen here as a Surface Node. Oil Shale is found in the Desert by digging down at about 20 blocks, where the stone layer begins. It is in the stone layer under the desert ...

This website contains assessments and geologic reports, as well as spatial and tabular datasets, fischer assays and well logs from USGS oil shale research studies.. The Eocene Green River Formation of Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming contains the largest oil shale deposits in the world. Oil shale, despite the name, does not actually contain oil, but rather a type of organic matter called kerogen, a ...

Oil shale shouldn't be confused with "shale oil," also called "tight oil," a more commonly produced type of unconventional oil that's found trapped in limestone or sandstone rocks. Because oil shale requires mining and energy-intensive refining processes, it's a substantially dirtier energy source than conventional liquid oil.

Shale oil refers to hydrocarbons that are contained in formations of shale rock. Shale oil is closer to a finished product than oil shale, but the extraction process still involves drilling and ...

Oil and Gas Field Services and Mining Equipment Repair. Rohrig Heavy Equipment Maintenance provides many oil and gas field services, including heavy equipment repair and mining equipment repair. Our field technicians provide services to the oil, gas and coal industries in the Marcellus and Utica shale regions of WV, PA, OH, KY, and NY.

Machines: Mining equipment - Machines: Mining equipment: Add photos ... SpringerLink - Environmental impact of oil shale mining | SpringerLink: Environmental Earth Sciences August 2016, 75:1201 Environmental impact of oil shale mining ... Phosphate Rock ...

Wirtgen surface miner (SM ) was used for limestone mining from 1989 to 1991. Tests for oil shale mining through in 2004 and 2006 with MANTAKRAF and Wirtgen surface miners [2]. Surface mining is carried out in open casts with maximum overburden thickness o f 30 m. Draglines with 90 m boom length and 15 m 3 bucket size are used for overburden ...

Oil shale industry - Wikipedia

This subsector includes the production of crude petroleum, the mining and extraction of oil from oil shale and oil sands, and the production of natural gas, sulfur recovery from natural gas, and recovery of hydrocarbon liquids. The oil and gas extraction subsector consists of a single industry group, Oil and Gas Extraction: NAICS 2111.